Penerapan Pendidikan Kesehatan oleh Perawat dalam Meningkatkan Kepatuhan Terapi Pasien Hipertensi: Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

Hypertension is a global health problem that requires comprehensive treatment, especially in developing countries with limited health services. This systematic review aims to explore the effectiveness of health education by nurses in improving therapeutic adherence for hypertension patients. The research method used the PRISMA approach by searching articles from PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science databases. From the initial 470 articles, 10 studies were selected that met the inclusion criteria. The results of the analysis showed that educational interventions by nurses, whether through direct, indirect, or combined approaches, significantly improved patient medication adherence, blood pressure control, and quality of life. The use of interactive approaches based on adaptation models (such as the Roy Adaptation Model), digital technologies (mHealth and educational videos), and family and community engagement have been shown to strengthen the success of interventions. Nurses play a strategic role as educators, motivators, and companions in the management of hypertension, especially through a personal approach and good interpersonal relationships with patients. These findings emphasize the importance of a holistic and collaborative approach that blends education, technology, and social support in improving patient adherence to hypertension therapy. This study provides a basis for the development of evidence-based nursing practices in efforts to control hypertension in a sustainable manner.