Lex Gnosis: Journal of Law and Knowledge
Efektivitas Hukum dalam Pencegahan Korupsi di Indonesia: Suatu Kajian Literatur Sistematis
challenge that systematically undermines political, economic, and governance stability in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Indonesian legal system in preventing corruption through a systematic literature review approach. A total of 525 articles were identified from four international databases, and through a rigorous selection process according to PRISMA standards, 10 articles were assessed to meet the inclusion criteria. The results of the analysis show that despite normative progress, such as anti-corruption legislation and strengthening institutions such as the KPK, the biggest challenges lie in weak implementation, low integrity of law enforcement, limited institutional coordination, and lack of protection for whistleblowers. The findings also reveal the importance of a progressive approach, the role of administrative law, and the integration of money laundering laws in strengthening the anti-corruption ecosystem. This study recommends comprehensive legal reform, institutional strengthening, and cross-sectoral synergy with active community participation. In addition, the literature shows the urgent need for substantive justice-based legal innovation to address systemic and transnational corruption. This research contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of law-based corruption prevention strategies and opens up space for further research with an interdisciplinary approach
Copyright (c) 2026 Irman Jaya Taher, Rita Alfiana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Keadilan Restoratif dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana: Temuan dari Systematic Literature Review
This study aims to examine the application of the restorative justice approach in the criminal justice system through the systematic literature review method. By examining ten selected studies from a total of 700 initial documents, the study identified five key themes: basic concepts and principles, implementation on the ground, legal reform, cultural challenges, and social effectiveness and impact. The findings suggest that restorative justice offers a more humane alternative approach to conventional retributive systems, emphasizing recovery of social harm, active participation of victims, and responsibility of perpetrators. Implementation in various countries, including Indonesia, shows the effectiveness of this approach in reducing recidivism, strengthening social reconciliation, and increasing victim satisfaction. However, the implementation of restorative justice still faces structural and cultural challenges, such as resistance from law enforcement officials, the lack of optimal legal framework, and low public awareness. The issuance of regulations such as PERMA No. 1 of 2024 and Attorney General Regulation No. 15 of 2020 is a step forward, but there is still a need for regulatory harmonization, institutional strengthening, and sustainable public education. The study concludes that the success of restorative justice depends on the integration of restorative values into the legal system, the readiness of law enforcement institutions, and community support. Thus, restorative justice can be the basis for the reform of the criminal justice system that is more inclusive, dialogical, and responsive to the needs of the parties involved in legal conflicts.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sukma Juwita, Gatut Hendro Tri Widodo, Hendry Noya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Analisis Sistematis Perkembangan Hukum Perlindungan Konsumen di Indonesia: Pendekatan Systematic Literature Review
This study aims to systematically analyze the development of consumer protection law in Indonesia between 2019 and 2024 through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. This study reviews and synthesizes 20 relevant scientific publications focusing on five main themes: regulatory evolution, institutional capacity, law enforcement and alternative dispute resolution (ADR), consumer literacy, and digital regulatory gaps. The results of the study show that Law No. 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection does not fully accommodate the dynamics of digital commerce and new risks such as electronic contracts, misuse of personal data, and the legal responsibility of digital platforms. Institutions such as the National Consumer Protection Agency (BPKN) and the Consumer Protection Agency (BPSK) face challenges in terms of resources and coordination, especially in areas outside of Java. Meanwhile, online ADR mechanisms are considered promising but lack strong legal legitimacy. Low levels of consumer literacy, particularly in terms of understanding rights and access to justice, are major obstacles to legal protection. Furthermore, the lack of harmony between Law No. 8/1999, the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (ITE Law), and the Personal Data Protection Law highlights the urgent need for cross-sector regulatory harmonization. This study recommends a substantial revision of the UUPK, strengthening the capacity of consumer protection agencies, integrating digital ADR, and implementing a national legal literacy program. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the formulation of adaptive, responsive, and inclusive consumer legal policies in the digital era.
Copyright (c) 2026 Robert Yulion Romualdo, Ujang Hibar, Dimas Gerianto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Implikasi Hukum Perjanjian Elektronik di Era Digital: Kajian Systematic Literature Review
Digital transformation has transformed the treaty law landscape, driving a shift from conventional contracts to electronic agreements. This study aims to examine the legal implications of electronic agreements in the digital era through the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. The study was conducted on 10 selected studies that were analyzed thematically, including the legality of electronic contracts, the validity of digital signatures, dispute resolution mechanisms, and their impact on the digital economy and intellectual property protection. The findings show that despite the existence of legal frameworks such as the ITE Law, there are still many challenges related to the validity of digital documents, legal proof, personal data protection, and harmonization of regulations across jurisdictions. This research emphasizes the need for more adaptive regulations, digital legal education, and strengthening online dispute resolution mechanisms. Thus, legal reform is needed that not only pursues technological developments, but also forms a legal system that is inclusive, fair, and responsive to digital dynamics. The results of this study are expected to be a strategic contribution to the development of digital legal policies, legal education, and professional practices in the field of electronic contracts.
Copyright (c) 2026 Tessa Kusumaningsih, Fernando Wirawan, Sulfikar Undu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Reformasi Hukum Pidana dalam Perspektif Kajian Literatur Sistematis (SLR)
This study aims to examine the direction and trends of criminal law reform globally and its implications for the criminal law system in Indonesia, through the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. Drawing on 18 selected scholarly publications published between 2020 and 2025, the study identifies key themes in criminal law reform, including decriminalization, restorative justice, abolition of the death penalty, and harmonization of Islamic criminal law. The main findings show that there is a convergent pattern between countries such as Germany, the Netherlands, and Japan in leading to a more humane, efficient, and human rights-based criminal justice system. However, divergences are also found as a result of differences in legal traditions, state ideologies, and institutional readiness of each country. Indonesia has started reforms through the ratification of the new Criminal Code in 2023, but still faces major challenges in the form of weak governance of law enforcement institutions, inequality of interpretation between officials, low public participation, and lack of evidence-based policies. Therefore, the adoption of foreign models in criminal law reform needs to be done contextually, not just imitation. This study suggests the importance of building a criminal law system that is pluralistic, inclusive, and responsive to Indonesia's social realities.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ramelan, Asnawi, Mariani Wiwik https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0