Analisis Sistematis Perkembangan Hukum Perlindungan Konsumen di Indonesia: Pendekatan Systematic Literature Review

Robert Yulion Romualdo; Ujang Hibar; Dimas Gerianto

doi:10.56861/lexgnosis.v1i1.28

Authors

Robert Yulion Romualdo Universitas Salakanagara
Ujang Hibar Universitas Bina Bangsa
Dimas Gerianto Universitas Salakanagara

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56861/lexgnosis.v1i1.28

Keywords:

Consumer Protection, Digital Law, Law No. 8 of 1999, Indonesian Legal System, Systematic Literature Review, ADR, Consumer Literacy, E-Commerce

Abstract

This study aims to systematically analyze the development of consumer protection law in Indonesia between 2019 and 2024 through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. This study reviews and synthesizes 20 relevant scientific publications focusing on five main themes: regulatory evolution, institutional capacity, law enforcement and alternative dispute resolution (ADR), consumer literacy, and digital regulatory gaps. The results of the study show that Law No. 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection does not fully accommodate the dynamics of digital commerce and new risks such as electronic contracts, misuse of personal data, and the legal responsibility of digital platforms. Institutions such as the National Consumer Protection Agency (BPKN) and the Consumer Protection Agency (BPSK) face challenges in terms of resources and coordination, especially in areas outside of Java. Meanwhile, online ADR mechanisms are considered promising but lack strong legal legitimacy. Low levels of consumer literacy, particularly in terms of understanding rights and access to justice, are major obstacles to legal protection. Furthermore, the lack of harmony between Law No. 8/1999, the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (ITE Law), and the Personal Data Protection Law highlights the urgent need for cross-sector regulatory harmonization. This study recommends a substantial revision of the UUPK, strengthening the capacity of consumer protection agencies, integrating digital ADR, and implementing a national legal literacy program. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the formulation of adaptive, responsive, and inclusive consumer legal policies in the digital era.

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